NAD+ (500mg, 1000mg) Research Coenzyme — High-Purity Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide for Laboratory Use

Product Overview

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a research-grade coenzyme essential for cellular metabolism and energy production. It is supplied as a sterile lyophilized powder in sealed vials. This research compound is available in two convenient vial sizes: 500mg per vial for moderate-scale studies and 1000mg per vial for larger-scale or extended research protocols. Each package contains ten vials of the selected size. This product is manufactured exclusively for scientific investigation and in vitro laboratory experimentation.

Key Specifications at a Glance:

• Available Sizes: 500mg per vial / 1000mg per vial (10 vials per pack)

• Form: Lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder

• Purity: >99% verified by independent third-party testing

• Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂

• Molecular Mass: 663.43 g/mol

• CAS Number: 53-84-9

• Synonyms: DPN, Cozymase, Codehydrogenase I, Nadide, Beta-NAD

• Storage: -20°C (lyophilized); short-term 2-8°C after reconstitution

• Research Use Only: Not for human or animal consumption

Understanding NAD+: The Research Context

NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a fundamental coenzyme found in every living cell. It plays an essential role in cellular metabolism, energy production, and DNA repair mechanisms. As a central molecule in redox reactions, NAD+ exists in two forms: the oxidized form (NAD+) and the reduced form (NADH). The ratio between these two forms is critical for cellular function and metabolic health.

Key Research Interests:

• Cellular energy metabolism and bioenergetics

• Redox biology and electron transfer mechanisms

• Sirtuin enzyme activation and regulation studies

• DNA repair pathways (PARP enzyme research)

• Mitochondrial function and aging biology

• Neurodegenerative disease models

Researchers utilize NAD+ in controlled laboratory settings to study fundamental cellular processes including energy metabolism, DNA repair mechanisms, and calcium signaling pathways. The coenzyme is of particular interest to investigators focused on metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and the basic biology of aging.

The Significance of NAD+ in Cellular Biology:
NAD+ is one of the most abundant and critical molecules in cellular metabolism. It serves two primary functions in cells:

Age-Related NAD+ Decline:
NAD+ levels decline significantly with age, a phenomenon linked to reduced cellular repair capacity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased susceptibility to age-related conditions. This age-related decline makes NAD+ metabolism a highly active area of basic research in gerontology and regenerative medicine.

NAD+ Research: Clinical Context and Bioavailability

Recent clinical research has substantially advanced our understanding of how NAD+ precursors work in the human body. A 2026 study published in Nature Metabolism provided key insights into NAD+ metabolism that are directly relevant for laboratory research design.

Key Research Findings:

The study demonstrated that NR and NMN comparably increase circulatory NAD+ concentrations in healthy adults after 14 days of supplementation. Importantly, the research identified that the NAD+-boosting effects of NR and NMN are mediated via their microbial conversion to nicotinic acid (NA), which then enters the Preiss-Handler pathway. This gut-dependent mechanism represents a significant advancement in understanding NAD+ precursor pharmacology.

Additional Clinical Research:
Multiple clinical trials have established the safety profile of NAD+ precursors at various doses. Studies have investigated doses ranging from 100mg to 2000mg daily, with NR and NMN consistently demonstrating good tolerability and significant NAD+ elevation. These findings provide a valuable reference for researchers designing in vitro and ex vivo experiments involving NAD+ metabolism.

Third-Party Testing and Quality Assurance

Every batch of NAD+ undergoes rigorous independent analytical testing to verify identity, purity, and consistency. This third-party testing ensures that researchers receive a product that meets strict quality specifications before it is approved for release.

The testing process includes:

• Identity verification through mass spectrometry

• Purity analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) — >99% purity

• Batch-to-batch consistency checks

• Residual solvent analysis to confirm complete lyophilization

With a verified purity exceeding 99%, NAD+ meets the high standards required for serious laboratory research applications. Each vial contains only the lyophilized research compound with no unnecessary additives, fillers, or excipients.

Chemical and Physical Properties

Molecular Characteristics

NAD+ is a dinucleotide consisting of two nucleotides joined by their phosphate groups. One nucleotide contains an adenine base, while the other contains a nicotinamide base.

Detailed Molecular Information:

• Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂

• Molecular Mass: 663.43 g/mol

• CAS Number: 53-84-9

• EINECS Number: 200-184-4

• IUPAC Name: (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2-(3-carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-5-({[({[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy}(hydroxy)phosphoryl)oxy)methyl]oxolane-3,4-diol

• Solubility: Freely soluble in water

Structural Features:

• Contains a nicotinamide ring that can accept an electron and a proton to become NADH

• Contains an adenine nucleotide

• Linked by two phosphate groups (pyrophosphate linkage)

• Positively charged nicotinamide ring

Physical Form and Storage

The product is supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder within a sterile, sealed vial. The powder appears as a white to off-white substance.

Recommended Storage Conditions:

• Lyophilized powder: Store at -20°C (-4°F) or below for long-term preservation

• Short-term storage: 2-8°C (refrigerated) for up to 2 months after reconstitution

• Protect from light exposure

• Keep desiccated to prevent moisture absorption

• Allow vial to reach room temperature before opening to avoid condensation

• Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles once reconstituted

Stability Considerations:
NAD+ is hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air) and can degrade when exposed to humidity, heat, or light. Proper storage is essential to maintain purity. Once reconstituted in aqueous solution, NAD+ is less stable than in lyophilized form and should be used promptly or stored frozen in aliquots.

Available Sizes: 500mg vs. 1000mg

Researchers can choose between two vial sizes based on their specific experimental requirements:

Choosing the Right Vial Size:

• NAD+ 500MG — Ideal for moderate-scale enzyme assays, cell culture studies, and protocols requiring precise handling of smaller quantities per vial

• NAD+ 1000MG — Better suited for large-scale experiments, high-throughput screening, extended time-course studies, and protocols requiring higher peptide concentrations

Both products share identical chemical properties, purity standards (>99%), and quality assurance protocols. The choice between them depends entirely on the specific requirements of your research design and the scale of your experiments.

Intended Use and Regulatory Status

Research Use Only

NAD+ is classified as a research chemical and is intended exclusively for laboratory and in vitro experimentation. This designation means the product is sold strictly for:

• In vitro testing — experiments conducted in controlled laboratory environments

• Cell culture studies — investigating cellular metabolism and signaling

• Enzyme assays — studying NAD+-dependent enzymes (sirtuins, PARPs, CD38)

• Biochemical research — redox reaction and electron transport studies

• Aging research — investigating NAD+ decline and cellular senescence

• Analytical research — chemical analysis and characterization studies

• Scientific investigation — basic research into cellular metabolism

Important Regulatory Notice

This product is not a drug, food, cosmetic, or medical device. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law. The product should only be handled by licensed, qualified professionals working in appropriate laboratory facilities.

The supplier is a chemical supplier, not a compounding pharmacy or outsourcing facility under Sections 503A or 503B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. All product information provided is for educational and research purposes only and does not constitute medical advice or clinical recommendations.

Handling and Safety Guidelines

Professional Handling Required

NAD+ should only be handled by trained laboratory personnel wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including:

• Laboratory coat

• Nitrile gloves

• Safety goggles or face shield

• Appropriate respiratory protection if aerosolization is possible

Reconstitution Protocol

For laboratory use, the lyophilized powder should be reconstituted with a sterile, compatible solvent. Standard practice includes:

1. Allow the sealed vial to reach room temperature — approximately 15-30 minutes

2. Clean the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab

3. Add the calculated volume of solvent to achieve desired concentration

4. Gently swirl or roll the vial between palms — do not shake vigorously to avoid foaming

5. Allow complete dissolution before use — this typically takes 2-5 minutes

Reconstitution Example for NAD+ 500MG:
For researchers needing a 100mg/mL working solution, add 5mL of sterile solvent to the 500mg vial. For a 50mg/mL solution, add 10mL of solvent. For a 25mg/mL solution, add 20mL of solvent.

Reconstitution Example for NAD+ 1000MG:
For researchers needing a 200mg/mL working solution, add 5mL of sterile solvent to the 1000mg vial. For a 100mg/mL solution, add 10mL of solvent. For a 50mg/mL solution, add 20mL of solvent.

Always verify calculations before proceeding with experiments.

Solvent Considerations:
NAD+ is freely soluble in water. Researchers should determine the appropriate solvent based on their specific experimental protocol. Common options include sterile water for injection, bacteriostatic water, or buffered solutions such as phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at neutral to slightly alkaline pH. NAD+ solutions are typically stable at neutral to slightly alkaline pH but degrade more rapidly under acidic conditions.

Disposal Considerations

Dispose of NAD+ and any contaminated materials in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations for chemical waste disposal. Do not dispose of in regular trash or down drains unless permitted by local guidelines.

Research Applications

NAD+ is used in various laboratory research contexts, spanning biochemistry, cell biology, and molecular biology. Typical applications include:

Redox Biology and Metabolism Research:
NAD+ is central to cellular energy metabolism. Researchers use NAD+ to study:

• Glycolysis and the conversion of glucose to pyruvate

• The Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) and oxidative metabolism

• Fatty acid beta-oxidation pathways

• Electron transport chain function

• Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays

• Alcohol dehydrogenase studies

Sirtuin and PARP Enzyme Research:
NAD+ is a critical substrate for NAD+-dependent enzymes. Common research applications include:

• Sirtuin (SIRT1-7) enzyme activity assays

• PARP (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase) activity studies

• CD38 and CD157 enzyme characterization

• NADase activity measurements

• Deacetylation and ADP-ribosylation assays

Aging and Longevity Research:
The decline in NAD+ levels with age is a highly active area of basic research. NAD+ is used to study:

• Age-related changes in cellular metabolism

• Sirtuin-mediated pathways in aging models

• DNA repair mechanisms and genomic stability

• Cellular senescence markers and pathways

• Mitochondrial dysfunction and stem cell aging

Neurobiology Research:
NAD+ plays important roles in neuronal function and survival. Researchers use NAD+ to study:

• Neuronal energy metabolism

• Axonal degeneration mechanisms

• Neuroprotective signaling pathways

• Calcium homeostasis in neurons

• Neurodegenerative disease models

Cell Culture Studies:
NAD+ is used in controlled cell culture systems to investigate:

• Cellular responses to NAD+ modulation

• Metabolic flux and energy homeostasis

• Cell viability and proliferation

• Oxidative stress responses

• Mitochondrial function

Enzyme Kinetics and Assay Development:
NAD+ is used as a substrate and standard in analytical applications:

• HPLC method development and validation

• Mass spectrometry calibration standards

• Enzymatic assay validation

• Metabolomics research

Researchers should design their experimental protocols based on peer-reviewed literature and established laboratory practices specific to NAD+ biochemistry and coenzyme research.

What Makes This Product Different

Essential Cellular Coenzyme

NAD+ is not merely a research peptide but a fundamental coenzyme present in all living cells. Its central role in metabolism and cellular signaling makes it a critical reagent for a wide range of biological research applications.

Two Convenient Research Sizes

NAD+ is offered in both 500mg and 1000mg vial sizes. This dual-option approach reflects the different research applications of NAD+, allowing researchers to select the quantity that best matches their experimental scale—from moderate enzyme assays to large-scale high-throughput screening.

Well-Characterized Research History

NAD+ has been extensively studied in clinical and preclinical research. Recent studies have established the safety, bioavailability, and efficacy profiles of NAD+ precursors, providing researchers with a robust foundation for experimental design.

Rigorous Quality Control

Unlike research chemicals sold without verification, NAD+ comes with documented third-party testing for every batch. This commitment to quality assurance gives researchers confidence in the consistency and reliability of their experimental results.

Complete Documentation

Each product listing includes full chemical specifications, including molecular formula, molecular mass, CAS number, and synonyms. Batch-specific certificates of analysis are available upon request, including HPLC purity data and mass spectrometry identity confirmation.

Appropriate Packaging for Research Use

The sterile, sealed vial packaging protects the lyophilized powder from environmental contaminants. The multiple vial size options (500mg and 1000mg) are specifically designed for researchers requiring different quantities for enzyme assays, cell culture supplementation, biochemical preparations, and high-throughput experiments.

Batch Traceability

Each package of NAD+ includes batch identification numbers that allow researchers to trace their material back to original manufacturing and testing records. This traceability is essential for reproducible research and quality documentation.

Frequently Asked Questions for Researchers

What is the purity level of NAD+?

Each batch is tested to verify purity exceeding 99% via HPLC and mass spectrometry. Individual certificates of analysis are available upon request.

What is the difference between NAD+ 500MG and 1000MG?

The only difference is the quantity per vial. NAD+ 500MG contains 500mg per vial, while NAD+ 1000MG contains 1000mg per vial. Both share identical chemical properties, purity standards (>99%), and quality assurance protocols.

Which vial size should I choose for my research?

Choose 500MG for moderate-scale studies, enzyme assays, and protocols requiring precise handling of smaller quantities. Choose 1000MG for large-scale experiments, high-throughput screening, extended time-course studies, and protocols requiring higher peptide concentrations.

How should the lyophilized powder be stored?

Store at -20°C or below, protected from light and moisture. NAD+ is hygroscopic, so keeping the vial tightly sealed and desiccated is particularly important. After reconstitution, short-term storage at 2-8°C for up to 2 months is acceptable.

What solvent should be used for reconstitution?

NAD+ is freely soluble in water. Researchers should determine the appropriate solvent based on their specific experimental protocol. Common options include sterile water for injection, bacteriostatic water, or buffered solutions such as PBS at neutral to slightly alkaline pH.

Is this product sterile?

The lyophilized powder is manufactured under aseptic conditions, but researchers should follow standard laboratory practices for handling research chemicals. For cell culture applications, additional filtration using a 0.22-micron filter may be appropriate.

What is the difference between NAD+ and NADH?

NAD+ is the oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, while NADH is the reduced form. The two forms differ by the addition of a hydride ion (H⁻) to the nicotinamide ring. Researchers use both forms depending on whether they need to study oxidation or reduction reactions.

What is the significance of the CAS number 53-84-9?

The CAS number is a unique identifier for NAD+, allowing researchers to verify they are working with the correct chemical compound when ordering or referencing NAD+ in publications.

What research applications is NAD+ used for?

NAD+ is studied in redox biology, cellular metabolism, sirtuin and PARP enzyme research, aging biology, neurobiology, and cell culture investigations in laboratory research settings.

Can NAD+ be used in combination with other research compounds?

Researchers should determine compatibility based on their specific experimental design. Standard laboratory practice includes testing interactions in control experiments before full-scale implementation.

How stable is NAD+ in solution?

NAD+ is less stable in aqueous solution than in lyophilized form. For optimal stability, reconstituted solutions should be used promptly or aliquoted and stored frozen. Short-term storage at 2-8°C for up to 2 months is acceptable.

Final Notes for Laboratory Researchers

NAD+ represents a high-purity research tool for qualified professionals conducting legitimate scientific investigations into cellular metabolism, redox biology, enzyme kinetics, aging mechanisms, and related fields. With documented third-party testing, complete chemical specifications, and appropriate packaging for laboratory use, this product meets the standards expected by serious researchers.

The availability of both 500mg and 1000mg vial sizes provides flexibility for researchers with varying experimental scales—from moderate enzyme assays to large-scale high-throughput screening. As an essential cellular coenzyme with well-characterized research history, NAD+ offers fundamental research opportunities in metabolism, aging, and cellular signaling.

For research use only. Not for human or animal consumption. Handle only in appropriate laboratory facilities with proper safety equipment and training.